HPAI in B&H - Experiences and future perspective
2022
Goletić, Teufik | Kustura, Aida | Ćutuk, Ramiz | Koro Spahić, Amira | Goletić, Šejla | Šeho Alić, Alma | Jažić, Amina | Terzić, Ilma | Nicević, Melisa | Hodžić Borić, Ajla | Šabić, Emina | Softić | Lupulović, Diana
The poultry sector represents the most developed and the best vertically organized and integrated branch of animal production in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). As such it represents a substantial part of the national income and any serious outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza could be devastating not only for the poultry sector but also for the BiH economy in general. Therefore, the early warning system, through BiH national wide surveillance is carried out and is based on the risk analysis with the main goal -the timely detection of HPAI subtype H5N1 virus in wild birds to protect commercial poultry and veterinary public health. So far, the outbreaks of HPAI in BiH, affecting wild birds and non-commercial backyard poultry, were caused by two subtypes, H5N1 and H5N8, representing two different HPAI H5 subclades: subclade 2.2.2 in 2006 (H5N1) and subclade 2.3.4.4b in 2017 (H5N8) and 2021 (H5N1).All outbreaks of HPAIV in BiH so far were limited in respect to geography and the number of birds affected and were adequately managed. However, an outbreak of HPAI in regions of the country with a high number of commercial poultry farms would seriously test the capacity andcompetencies to respond to such an event. In that sense, unfavorable conditions, e.g.high poultry density in BiH, respective legislation framework which should be updated, the ecological nature of H5N1 and H5N8 and simultaneous circulation of various HPAIV in the Western Balkan region, could easily drive the overall response in an unwanted direction. In order to improve preparedness for almost imminent further HPAIV outbreaks in BiH, it is of utmost importance to immediately, without delay, initiate communication between all interested stakeholders – governments, politics, scientists, poultry industry and poultry associations.
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