Effects of land use on soil erosion by rain and on the loss of some soil constituents in Al Jabal Alakhdar, Libya
2001
Aburas, M.M. (Omar Al-Mukhtar University, El-Beida (libya). Dept. of Soil and Water) | El Mahi, Y.E. (University of Khartoum, Shambat (Sudan). Faculty of Agriculture, Dept. of Soil Science) | El Doumi, F.M.
The effects of land use on soil erosion by rain were studies in two locations in Al-Jabal Alakhdar, northeast of Libya. The first of these, Al-Hamama, lies at average slopes of 12%, and the second, Shahat, at average slopes of 9.35%. Each of the two locations was divided into three neighbouring parts. Each part consisted of three treatments with three replicates. The first was covered with forest trees, the second was cultivated with barley after deforestation, and the third was left fallow after forest removal. The experimental results showed that the largest soil and water losses occurred on the bare plots in both locations during the seasons 1995/1996 and 1996/1997. In Al-Hamama location, for example, soil losses amounted to 1.62 and 4.14 tons/ha organic matter 51.7 and 139.8 kg/ha, total nitrogen 3.7 and 10.1 kg/ha and available phosphorus as little as 3 and 4 g/ha in the first and second seasons, respectively. In comparison, the losses from the barley cultivated plots were less, with soil losses of 0.219 and 0.046 tons/ha, and organic matter losses of 0.7 and 1.4 kg/ha in the first and second seasons, respectively. Only traces of total nitrogen and avaialbe phosphorus were lost from Al-Hamama barely cultivated soil in both seasons. On the other hand, practically no losses occurred in the forest-covered plots, characterized by significantly higher organic matter, were infiltration rates and aggregate stability. Losses form Shahat soil were much lower than those from Al-Hamama soil in both seasons
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