Damage by Pests in Herbarium LJU | Škoda zaradi herbarijskih škodljivcev v Herbariju LJU

English. The article discusses the damage caused by herbarium pests in Herbarium LJU. The aim of the study was to determine the damage in the herbarium, to find out, which herbarium-pests are present, and to investigate their food-preference by means of checking the extent of damage on a selection of plant families Alliaceae, Apiaceae, Araceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cichoriaceae, Faba- ceae, Lamiaceae, Poaceae, Polypodiaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae and Scrophulariaceae. Since the Asteraceae and Cichoriaceae are known to be among the most attractive families for herbarium-pests, we examined them in detail. In the study about 7500 herbarium sheets were examined, which represents 5% of all the sheets inHerbarium LJU. In addition to the most frequent pest tobacco beetle (Lasioderma serricorne), we also found beetles Stegobium paniceum and Attagenuspiceus, booklice (Psocoptera), moulds and Pharaoh’s ants (cf. Monomorium pharaonis). Pest-damage was observed in 18 % of the examined herbarium sheets. The study confirmed that the pests are prone to attack certain families over others: the greatest damage (about 25 % - 40 % of the damaged sheets)was observed in Apiaceae, Asteraceae s. lat., Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Alliaceae, Araceae, Rosaceae and Chenopodiaceae, while the other investigated families ranked among less damaged (about less then 10 % of the damaged sheets). Among Asteraceae, tribus Cardueae proved to be the most attractive tribe for the pests.

Slovenian. Članek obravnava škodo, ki jo povzročajo herbarijski škodljivci v herbarijski zbirki LJU. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti obseg poškodovanosti rastlinskega materiala, določiti, kateri herbarijski škodljivci so prisotni v LJU in raziskati njihovo prehrambeno preferenco z ugotavljanjem obsega škode na izboru rastlinskih družin Alliaceae, Apiaceae, Araceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cichoriaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Poaceae, Polypodiaceae,Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae in Scrophulariaceae. Ker družini Asteraceae in Cichoriaceae veljata za najbolj privlačne za herbarijske škodljivce, smo ju še posebej podrobno obravnavali. V raziskavi smo pregledali okoli 7500 herbarijskih pol, kar predstavlja 5 % vseh pol v herbariju LJU. Ugotovili smo, da je v LJU najpogostejši škodljivec tobačni hrošč (Lasioderma serricorne), poleg njega pa smo naleteli tudi na hrošča Stegobium paniceum in Attagenus piceus, prašneuši (Psocoptera), molje and faraonske mravlje (cf. Monomorium pharaonis). Škodo zaradi herbarijskih škodljivcev smo opazili v 18 % pregledanih herbarijskih pol. Raziskava je potrdila, da herbarijski škodljivci jedo herbarijski material določenih rastlinskih družin raje kot drugih. Največjo poškodovanos therbariziranih rastlin (25 do 40 % pregledanih pol s poškodovanih materialom) smo tako opazili pri družinah Apiaceae, Asteraceae s. lat., Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Alliaceae, Araceae, Rosaceae in Chenopodiaceae. Ostale pregledane družine so bile znatno manj poškodovane (pod cca. 10 % poškodovanihpol). Znotraj družine Asteraceae se je kot najbolj privlačen za herbarijske škodljivce izkazal tribus Cardueae.