Microbial activity and soil physical properties under minimum tillage systems in cambisol
Horacek, J.(Jihoceska Univ., Ceske Budejovice (Czech Republic) | Kolar, L.Jihoceska Univ., Ceske Budejovice (Czech Republic) | Ledvina, R.Jihoceska Univ., Ceske Budejovice (Czech Republic) | Sabatka, J.Jihoceska Univ., Ceske Budejovice (Czech Republic) | Cechova, V.Jihoceska Univ., Ceske Budejovice (Czech Republic))
Minimum tillage systems with their modifications have increasingly been introduced under an economic pressure in more agricultural subjects. The objectives of this study were evaluated continual minimum soil tillage in less favourite area on environment of soil by means of the microbial and physical parameters choice. A long term field trial was conducted at Milicin locality (Benesov district that is called Czech Siberia) in oats-potato production (altitude 620 m). Soil type is cambisol mainly sandy loam granularity. The samples of soil were taken from the soil profiles 0.05 - 0.1, 0.15 - 0.20 and 0.25 - 0.30 m depth under minimum (variant min.) and parallel conventional tillage used nearby (variant konv.). The undisturbed samples were worked up immediately, the samples for microbial activity estimation were four weeks at 4-5 deg C left in the incubator. All other cultural practices were identical on both sites. The values of basic respiration (C res) were higher by min-variant of trial in all depths than in tilled one. A similar trend was observed in the biomass carbon content (C mic), but here statistically significantly. Specific respiration C res/C mic was in min-variant better in 0.05 - 0.10 m depth only, in next two depths was this parameter worse than in tilled control. The principal physical properties bulk density (O r) and total porosity (P c) were insignificantly worse in the min-variant. Further the differences of physical properties reduced with the depth of soil profile. On the contrary, the soil capillary porosities (P k) were in the min-variant better. The experimental data demonstrated that the long-term use of minimum-tillage system did not deteriorate dramatically the soil physical properties and led to an increase in soil microbial activity, even as soil fertility.
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