Monitoring of subsurface water regimes in Danubian floodplain forest ecosystems
1995
Dzupova, D. | Kostal, D. | Lindtner, J. | Petrovic, P. (Vyskumny Ustav Vodneho Hospodarstva, Bratislava (Slovakia))
The Danubian floodplain forest is dependent above all on sufficient soil water in the first half of the growing season. At the end of October 1992 the water regime was fundamentally changed by the Gabcikovo hydropower project when the substantial part of surface waters was diverted. Formerly, the recharge of the aquifer through infiltration from the Danube took place practically over the whole year. Groundwater fluctuations were synchronous with surface water fluctuations and from May to July reached the ground surface. At the low water stage in autumn, minimum moisture was about 10 % of volume. Environmentally sound conservational measures were integrated into the power project, and since May 1993 the water regime on the right side of the diversion canal has been regulated by the branch system filled at a basic continuous discharge of 30 cubic m s** (-1) (total capacity 250 m s** (-1)). Groundwater level fluctuations have decreased in comparison with pre-dam conditions, but it is possible to re-establish the mean groundwater levels in a substantial part of the forest. The soil moisture balance after the filling of the branch system is equal to or better than under pre-dam conditions, the increase in soil moisture being observed above all in the lower soil profile.
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