Development of parental lines for F1 hybrid in chilli
2001
Krisada Sukwiwat(Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Horticulture) | Maneechat Nikornpun(Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Horticulture)
Peppers were collected from Chiang Mai province and obtained from Kasetsart University. They were selected for long fruit, high pungency, male fertile and high yield. Three male parental lines (1-3-7,3-3-7, and 4-3-7) were obtained. Female parents which were male sterile lines, were backcrossed for two generations. Three female parental lines (2735BC2 no.14, 2735BC2 no.16 and 2740BC2 no.10) which were obtained had high capsaicin levels. Nine F1 hybrids were produced. They were tested in comparison with parental lines and three commercial varieties (PrekNum Jhomtong 2, PrekNum keaw and PrekNum Sanpatong). Yields of hybrid varieties ranged from 20,039.58 kg/ha to 38,433.33 kg/ha. Male parental lines yielded from 19,554.17 to 35,120.83 kg/ha. F1 hybrid 2740BC2 no.10x 1-3-7 was the highest yielding variety (38,433.33 kg/ha). Heterosis of this hybrid variety was 5.20 percent. The yield of this hybrid variety was significantly different from commercial varieties. F1 hybrid 2740BC2 no.10x3-3-7 which had the highest heterosis (38.66 percent) but the yield was only 34,400 kg/ha. The yield of this hybrid variety was not significantly different form commercial varieties. Degrees of pungency levels were determined by spectrophotometer at absorbance of 750 nm. Line 1-3-7 had the highest capsaicin (9,310 scoille unit). Capsaicin levels of F1 hybrid varieties 2735BC2 no.16x1-3-7, 2735BC2 no.14x4-3-7 and 2735BC2 no.16x4-3-7 were 7,520, 5,580 and 5,480 scoville unit, respectively. These levels were higher than commercial varieties (3,214 to 5,363 scoville unit). F1 hybrid 2735BC2 no.16x4-3-7 had the highest heterosis, 364.76 percent but it had only 4,880 scoville unit of capsacin level. When the pungency was observed by human bite test. F1 hybrid 2735BC2 no.16x3-3-7 showed the highest degree of pungency.
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This bibliographic record has been provided by Thai National AGRIS Centre, Kasetsart University
