Effects of urea types and irrigation on crop uptake, soil residual, and loss of nitrogen in maize field on the North China Plain
2012
Ning, T.Y., Shandong Agricultural Univ., Tai'an (China). State Key Lab. of Crop Biology | Shao, G.Q., Agricultural Bureau of Weishan County, Jining (China). Agrotechnology Extension Station | Li, Z.J., Shandong Agricultural Univ., Tai'an (China). State Key Lab. of Crop Biology | Han, H.F., Shandong Agricultural Univ., Tai'an (China). State Key Lab. of Crop Biology | Hu, H.G., Shandong Agricultural Univ., Tai'an (China). State Key Lab. of Crop Biology | Wang, Y., Shandong Agricultural Univ., Tai'an (China). State Key Lab. of Crop Biology | Tian, S.Z., Shandong Agricultural Univ., Tai'an (China). State Key Lab. of Crop Biology | Chi, S.Y., Shandong Agricultural Univ., Tai'an (China). Coll. of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering
An experiment was carried out in split plot design to study the effects of urea types (normal urea and coated urea) and irrigation on soil and fertilizer nitrogen use in maize field in 2006 and 2007. Irrigation was used as main plot, and urea types were used as split-plot. Two irrigation levels, no irrigation in the whole growth duration and 85 mm irrigation at the blister stage, were designed. There were five N treatments, which were no N used as control, normal urea 75 kg N/ha, normal urea 150 kg N/ha, coated urea 75 kg N/ha and coated urea 150 kg N/ha. The results showed that, at the same level of irrigation and N, the soil N contents of the treatments with coated urea (CU) applied were higher in 0-40 cm soil layers, but lower in deeper soil layers than those with normal urea (NU) applied. Irrigation increased the nitrate losing, but the nitrate loss of CU was lower than those of NU. Using CU with irrigation could increase N uptake by maize, and more N was transfered to grain. At the same N level, CU had higher N recovery efficiency but lower soil N dependent rate than NU. When applied with CU, the N release rate was lower and the N was quickly absorbed by maize, which reduced the risk of N loss and increased the use efficiency of soil and fertilizer N. These results suggest that coated urea combined with deficit irrigation should be applied for high yield and N use efficiency of maize on the North China Plain.
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