Effect of Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Temperature on Yield and Fruit Characteristics of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
2008
Lee, I.B. (National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea), E-mail: [email protected] | Kang, S.B. (National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea) | Park, J.M. (National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea)
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the level of CO₂ (370 and 650 μmol mol-¹) and temperature (ambient and ambient+5℃) on tomato growth and fruit characteristics as affected by the application rate of N-fertilizer (68 and 204 N kg ha-¹), for the purpose of evaluating the influence of elevated CO₂ and temperature on tomato crop. The elevated atmospheric CO₂ and temperature increased the plant height and stem diameter for tomato crop, while the differences among the nitrogen(N) application rates were not significantly different. Under the elevated CO₂, temperature, and a higher N application rate, the biomass of aerial part increased. The fruit yield showed the same result as the biomass except for the elevated temperature. The elevated temperature made the size of fruit move toward the small, but the elevated CO₂ and the application of N-fertilizer were vice versa. The sugar content and pH of fruit juice were affected by nitrogen application rate, but not by the elevated CO₂ and temperature. These results showed that both the elevated CO₂ and temperature stimulated the vegetative growth of aerial parts for tomato, but each effects on the yield of fruit showed an opposite result between the elevated temperature and CO₂. In conclusion, the elevated CO₂ increased tomato yield and the ratio of large size of fruit, but the elevated temperature did not. Therefore, to secure the productivity of tomato as nowadays in future environment, it will need to develop new breeder as high temperature-tolerable tomato species or new type of cropping systems.
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