Photosynthetic Characteristics and Cellular Tissue of Chinese Cabbage are Affected by Temperature and CO₂ Concentration
2009
Lee, S.G., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Moon, J.H., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Jang, Y.A., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Lee, W.M., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Cho, I.H., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kim, S.Y., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Ko, K.D., National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea
Numerous studies have presented evidence that global atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration and temperature is increasing every year. Both of the CO₂ and temperature are important components for photosynthesis activity of plants and thusgrowth and yield. However, little information is available in terms of the reaction of vegetable plants to increased CO₂ concentration and temperature, and also the reaction to a complex condition of both increased CO₂ concentration and temperature. The aim of this research was therefore to investigate changes in growth, photosynthetic activity and ultra-cellular structure of leaf tissue of Chinese cabbage. Plants were grown under either of elevated CO₂ concentration (elevated CO₂, 2-fold higher than atmospheric CO₂) or elevated temperature (elevated temp, 4℃ higher than atmospheric temperature), under both of elevated CO₂ concentration and elevated temperature (elevated temp+CO₂), and under atmospheric CO₂ concentration and temperature (control). The treatment of 'elevated temp' negatively affected leaf area, fresh weight, chlorophyll and starch content. However, when the treatment of 'elevated temp' was applied coincidently with the treatment of 'elevated CO₂', growth and photosynthetic performance of plants were as good as those in the treatment of 'elevated CO₂', Microscopic study resulted that the highest starch content and density of cells were observed in the leaf tissue grown at the treatment of 'elevated CO₂', whereas the lowest ones were observed in the leaf tissue grown at the treatment of 'elevated temp'. These results suggest that when Chinese cabbage grows under a high-temperature condition, supplement of CO₂ would improve the growth and yield. In our knowledge, it is the first time to determine the effect of a complex relationship between the increased CO₂ concentration and temperature on the growth of Chinese cabbage.
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