Agricultural Status in Kazakhstan Republic and Korean Strategies for Agriculture Technical Cooperation with Kazakhstan
2014
Lee, J.R., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea | Ko, H.C., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea | Cho, G.T., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea | Ma, K.H., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea | Lee, S.Y., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea | Park, H.J., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea | Gwag, J.G., National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
Kazakhstan is situated in the north of Central Asia and shares borders with Russia, China, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan. The total land area of the republic is 2,742.9 thousands km2 and more than 80% of the territory is desert and steppe. Agriculture accounts for approximately 5.2% of GDP in 2011 and 25.9% of the work force is engaged in agricultural production in 2010. Because of a little amount of precipitation, almost of arable land, especially in southern Kazakhstan, should be irrigated for crop cultivation. Important crops in Kazakhstan are wheat, barley, vegetables, fodder crops, cotton, maize, rice, potato, fruits and oilseed crops. Because of wheat production oriented agriculture, Kazakhstan import many agricultural products including potato, maize, rice, vegetables, fruits and sunflower. The livestock industry occupied 38.9% of total agricultural product but import considerable amount of chicken, pork, milk and eggs. Important livestock are cattle, sheep, pig, chicken and horse. More than 400 floral species are wild ancestral forms of crops including Triticum aestivum L. in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is center of origin for many crop species including domesticated apple, pistachio, vine and wild garlic etc, and, conserved 75,000 accessions of plant genetic resources samples. At present, though there is no actual technical cooperative project for agriculture between Korea and Kazakhstan, it will be needed to develop cooperative projects in various field of agriculture such as, improvement of crop productivity, effective irrigation methods, cultivation of vegetables and poultry farming etc,. Plant genetic resources can be a good example of cooperative project on the basis of mutual profit.
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