Changes in the Composition of Xanthophyll Isomer and Formation of meso-Zeaxanthin during the Production Process of Lutein Concentrate from Marigold Oleoresin
2022
Lee, Y.J. | Kim, I.H.
Lutein, t-zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin are members of the xanthophyll class of carotenoids. These xanthophylls are located mainly in the retinal macular region of the human eye. Currently, the lutein concentrate for the lutein capsule is manufactured from marigold oleoresin through saponification and crystallization. mesoZeaxanthin is formed from lutein when lutein concentrate is produced from marigold oleoresin by saponification. The aim of this study is to investigate the compositions of lutein, t-zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin in lutein concentrates prepared from marigold oleoresin under different saponification conditions. Furthermore, compositions of three xanthophyll isomers were analyzed in eight lutein capsules distributed in Korea and overseas. The saponification temperature, amount of potassium hydroxide (KOH), and saponification time were observed to significantly affect the composition of meso-zeaxanthin and lutein in the lutein concentrate. Increments in the saponification temperature, amount of KOH, and saponification time resulted in increased amounts of meso-zeaxanthin and decreased lutein in the lutein concentrate. meso-Zeaxanthin was undetected in the lutein concentrate at all trials of 60°C. A maximum amount of meso-zeaxanthin (approximately 75%) was obtained at saponification conditions of 100°C, 80% KOH, and 3 h saponification time.
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