identification of fungal pathogenic agents of broom rape on tomato fields
2004
Karam Pur, Farzad | Fasihi, Mohammad Taqi | Heydari, Abd Ol - Lah
Tomato is an important economic crop cultivate on 7-8 tousands hectars of Bousher province as a winter crop, with about 30 tons/Hec.yields.Broomrape species (Orobanche spp.) phanerogamic parasites,active and have high damages on tomato fields,so farmers call them the cancer.According to nutritional physiologic relationship between broomrape and its host plant,a.g.tomato,the chemicals and chemical methods donandrsquot have applied useful effects on this parasite to reduce damages.Accordingly depends on recent research,collection,identification, pathogenicity and screening of pathogenic fungi on broomrapes of tomato fields area in Boushehr province south of Iran,was done at 1997-98. After collect about 124 samples of diseased and infected stalks,capsules and underground tissues of broomrapes,seven species of fungal agents contains Fusarium olani,F.oxysporum,F.moniliforme , clerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomnia phaseolina and Alt ernaria solani were isolated, purified and dentification. Pathogenicity of these fungi on Orobanche cernua tested in a CRD statistical design with 9 treatments in 4 replicates on susceptible dominant tomato cultivar andldquoPrimoearlyandrdquoNumber of broomrape stalks per plot were counted and duccumented carfully.The fungal agents were reisolated from infected and died stalks and non emerged broomrapes. Statistical analysis of data by MSTATC software and Duncans multi ranges test shows that the fungal isolated agents inhibit emergence and growth of broomrape stalks as follows: F.solani 91.26%,Rhizoctonia 86.96%,Alternaria 7.83%, Sclerotinia 78.26%,F.oxysporum 65.22%,Macrophomina 91.26%,F.moniliforme 86.96%. F.solani had highest and Alternaria solani had lowest level effects on broomrape emergence control both in test plots(pots) and in tomato field among these 7 fungi.
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