Study on the adaptability and determination of quantitative and qualitative fruit characteristics of date cultivars in Tabas regionύ
2014
Marashi, Samih | Rah khodaei ,Asmaeil | Gasmi roshavand, Ramezan ali | Behseresht, Reza | Garshasbi, Mohammadreza
In order to introduce superior date cultivar(s) for growing in Tabas region, a research was conducted on adaptability studying and comparison between date cultivars in horticultural and plant protectional aspects in 2007. Horticultural studies were laid out in a completely randomized design with 19 treatments (date cultivars) and 5 replicates at date station of tabas. The cultivars were mainly commercial cultivars collected from date growing regions of Iran. At pollination, 4 clusters from 4 directions on each palm were selected and labelized and 1/3 of their lengths were cut off. At the same time, 4 similar clusters on each palm were selected and labelized as control (without thinning). 5th and 15th week after pollination, fruit set characteristics were recorded in thinned and unthinned clusters of each palm. At harvest, the experimental clusters were cut off from palms and total fruit weight and percentages of khalal, rotab, tamar and shriveled fruits were recorded individually for thinned and unthinned clusters of each palm. Then, samples of khalal, rotab, tamar and shriveled fruits were selected individually from thinned and unthinned clusters of each palm and quantitative and qualitative fruit characteristics in tamar sample and fruit weight in other samples were measured. For plant protectional studies, 3 palms were selected and incidence percentages of important pests were estimated on them. Evaluation of adaptability of date cultivars to climatological condition of Tabas region, divided the cultivars in 4 groups. Comparison between cultivars on individual and correlated characteristics, determined their physiological rank and superior cultivars were presented in 5 groups of important characteristics i.e. fruit set, fruit ripening, consumable fruit yield, quantitative fruit characteristics and qualitative fruit characteristics. Finally, comparison between cultivars based on value of Elston selection index, showed the physiological priority of cultivars to each other in complex of the most important characteristics. At present conditions, cultivars of Rabbi, Piarom, Khasab and Halilehei which are lower than other cultivars in adaptability and physiological rank are not recommended for growing in Tabas region. Selection of superior cultivar among rest cultivars for growing in this region, must be accomplished based on relative adaptability of cultivars and their physiological rank in the above-mentioned 5 groups of important characteristics and also in complex of the most important characteristics, on one hand, and economical evaluation of production of cultivars based on target market demaned, on the other hand.
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