Current management practices for wheat production in a rainfed agro- ecological zone in northern Punjab [Pakistan]
2002
Razzaq, A. | Munir, M. | Hashmi, N.I. (National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad (Pakistan)) | Hobbs, P.R. | Majid, A.
This study is based on the surveys undertaken during wheat harvest in the rainfed areas of Rawalpindi District of northern Punjab. Wheat yields were estimated by crop cut and data regarding management practices adopted by farmers for wheat in the same plots was collected. Eighty nine percent of the sample farmers were owner operators, only 11% tenants. Land type was classified as lepara land, near the homestead which receives farm yard manure and mera land further from the village. The most common cropping system is called Dosala where wheat and kharif crops are grown in one year followed by the same land remaining fallow for the next whole year. On lepara land, double cropping every year was practiced on 46% of the sample fields. The average number of ploughings was 8.2 and varied from 1 to 20. There was a significant increase in the use of tractor ploughing in the 4 years of study from 35% to 70%. The average harvest date varied from April 15 to May 3rd depending on temperature which was influenced by rainfall. Planting by drill on contract has risen from 20% is 1983 to 59% in 1986 replacing the pora method. About 7% of the farmer prefer the high quality variety C-591. LYP-73 was the most popular variety but this is being replaced with the new variety Pak-81. Pak-81 increased from 26% to 55% during the study period at the expense of LYP-73. The average yield of wheat was 1.98 t/ha.
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