Anatomical structure and physical properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) wood in Latvia
Hrols, J.(Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia)) | Alksne, A.(Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia)) | Cirule, D.(Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia)) | Dolacis, J.(Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia))E-mail:dolacis@edi.lv | Balode, V.(Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia))
An investigation is reported on variations in the values of the annual ring parameters and physical properties of the wood of the main forest species in Latvia - Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.), depending on three factors: the forest growth conditions (dry and drained forest types), the growth region in Latvia (Kurzeme), and the locality of the wood sample in the stem. Wood samples were taken at the stem butt-end (R) at 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of the height (H), in its sapwood (A), heartwood (K), and juvenile (S) wood. These studies embrace the anatomical structure of spruce wood as well as the relevance and dependence of its parameters. The results are compared with other publications to evaluate the quality and competitiveness of Latvian spruce, which makes it possible to assess the forestry prospects for spruce in different areas. The task of the report is to show the dependence of the spruce wood anatomical structure and physical properties on forest growth conditions and the locality of the sample in the stem. The average annual ring width (Gpl), late wood percentage in the annual ring (Gvk%), late and early wood annual ring width (Gpl vk, G pl ak), double cell wall width and diameter of tracheids both in early (T2w ak, Tr ak) and late (T2w vk, T r vk) wood, and tracheids length (T1), wood density in the oven-dry state (Rho0), wood linear swelling in radial (arad) and tangential (atg) directions, volume swelling (av) as well as woo dlinear shrinkage in radial (brad) and tangential (btg) directions, volume shrinkage (bv), water absorption (Wa), and wood moistening (Wm) were characterized. A comparative analysis of the data obtained shows that, in the majority of cases, the spruce wood anatomical structure and physical properties are greatly affected by the location of the wood sample in the stem and the forest growth conditions.
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