The evaluation of heat tolerance in breeding programs could be conducted basically through the use of zootechnical performance traits by evaluating pig’s breeding values as a function of therma l heat stress or using new phenotypes such as selecting for heat resistance while keeping up the production efficiency. The first method is simpler to implement than the second, but the second method explores both resistance and resilience pathways. Althou gh genetic parameters of thermoregulation traits are produced, further studies are needed. For instance, researches are needed to develop new technologies for automatic recording of thermoregulation measurements in order to accurately estimate individual variation and to estimate accurate correlations with production traits. Sensitivity analysis and economic weights estimations are needed before the implementation of these traits in a breeding index. Nevertheless, thermoregulation traits could be included in a breeding scheme objective but not in the index to check the effect of direct selection on production traits.
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