Improvement of economic mechanism of rational use of forest resources using discrete mathematics method

This article proposes a balanced approach to the management of forest resources in Ukraine, based on a mathematical model developed using discrete mathematics. The algorithm of our study involved the following stages: 1) delineation of the spectrum of factors that characterize the ecological, economic, social processes of using forestry lands; 2) development of an economic system for the use of forest resources, with the simultaneous scientifically based establishment of interrelationships between the elements of the system; 3) calculation of the matrix of coefficients of pair correlations, which substantiate the relationships between the elements of the economic mechanism of the rational use of forest resources; 4) optimization of the economic graph of the use of forest resources, by distinguishing the key and secondary elements of the system; 5) economic and mathematical modelling of the rational use of forest resources. In order to apply the obtained calculations at the applied level in rational use of forest resources, we proposed appropriate strategic directions for the use of forest resources depending on the degree of impact on the environment. On the basis of the proposed management approaches of rational use of forest resources, we have developed mathematical models that allow to analyse the effectiveness of applying one or another strategy. The adequacy of the developed regression equations is confirmed by the coefficient of determination, Fisher (F) and Durbin-Watson (DW) tests. The developed mathematical models allow tracking the change of modelling indicators depending on the factor criteria and establishing their regularity. The article analyses the use of forestry land in Ukraine based on two management approaches: an ecocentric approach and a balanced approach. The results show that the ecocentric approach can minimize the ecological situation in the short term but may negatively affect the development of the economy of nature use in Ukraine. The balanced approach, on the other hand, is the most adaptive for sustainable development. To ensure the balanced use of forest resources, the article outlines several conditions, including the regulation of market mechanisms, reduction of the anthropogenic impact, improvement of the ecological situation, and development of state programs. Fulfilling these conditions is mandatory to ensure the maximization of economic benefits from the use of forestry land with the formation of a favourable environment and the promotion of solutions to social problems of the population. The proposed approach can have positive consequences in regions where the level of forest production is low and the use of forest resources is unprofitable.