Is there holocene reddening (hematite formation) in soils of axeric temperature areas?
1982
Schwertmann U. | Murad E. | Schulze D.G.
Alfisols on calcareous glacial gravels in the northern forelands of the Alps, between the Upper Rhine Valley in the west and Eastern Bavaria in the east, show rubified B(, t) horizons. Their redness decreases from west (2.5 YR) to east (10 YR), paralleling decreasing temperature and increasing rainfall. Detailed mineralogical studies by Moessbauer spectroscopy and differential X-ray diffraction demonstrated the presence of hematite in association with goethite. Concentrations of hematite decrease from west to east with decreasing temperature. No hematite was detected in the non-calcareous residues of calcareous C horizons. Alfisols on silty glacial material in the immediate vicinity of the reddish soils have yellow-brown (10 YR) B(, t) horizons and are hematite-free. We conclude that rubification (hematite formation) is possible under an axeric climate provided a suitable pedoclimate exists.
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