Rhizosphere Bacteria
2024
Shahla Abdullayeva
The review is devoted to the analysis of modern literature data on rhizosphere bacteria and their role in the vital activity of plants. The structure of the rhizosphere is characterized, the role of plants as centers of formation of microbial communities is shown, data on the taxonomic affiliation of the main groups of microorganisms inhabiting the rhizosphere are presented. The associative relationships of rhizobacteria with a partner plant and the modern concept of a holobiont as a combination of a plant organism and associated microorganisms are considered. The role of rhizobacteria in the processes of azo fixation is discussed in detail. The mechanisms of direct stimulation of plant growth through the synthesis of phytohormones, improvement of phosphorus and nitrogen nutrition and increase in stress resistance, as well as indirect stimulation through antagonism with respect to phytopathogenic microorganisms are presented. The criteria for the selection of rhizobacteria for practical purposes are discussed.
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