Soil microorganisms - an important factor of agroecological systems
1999
Milosevic, N. (Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Yugoslavia)) | Govedarica, M. | Jarak, M.
Microorganisms are a heterogeneous group of organisms whose enzymatic systems cover 60-90% of the total metabolic activity of soil. The numbers, enzymatic activity and biodiversity of microorganisms may be used as indicators of soil fertility as well as indicators of all changes taking place in the soil as an ecological system. Microorganisms play an important role in the establishment and maintenance of soil fertility, plant growth and development (supply of the basic biogenic elements - N, P, K, and production of biologically active substances such as vitamins, gibberellins and auxins) and pesticide decomposition. They are indicators of negative effects of heavy metals, changes in the physical and chemical soil properties, etc. Soil properties, climatic conditions, agromeliorative practices, heavy metals, plant species and the internal relationships within the microbial population influence the activity of microorganisms in agroecological systems. Inoculation with microbes - microbiological preparations facilitates the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by plants. Furthermore, it controls the dynamics of microbiogical processes in the soil and improves soil structure, which is reflected on its effective and potential fertility. Also, micro-biological preparations play an important role in plant protection.
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