Estudio de la alteración de la barrera epitelial oral e intestinal en pacientes alérgicos a las proteínas de transferencia de lípidos (LTPs)
2024
Picón Jara, Cristina | Pérez Gordo, Marina | Iglesias Fernández, Raquel
Allergy is due to an immune response in some individuals when exposed to certain harmless substances, called allergens. Its incidence is increasing worldwide, especially in developed countries. In parHcular, allergy to lipid transfer proteins, also known as LTPs, is one of the most prevalent food allergies in Mediterranean countries. This is the reason why the study of the mechanisms underlying this disease is important in order to have a greater knowledge of this pathology to prevent, diagnose, and treat it more efficiently. One of the possible explanaHons for the increased prevalence is the epithelial barrier theory which establishes that a disrupted barrier could be associated with allergy. That is why we aimed to study the oral mucosal and gut barrier to determine where the inflammaHon takes place and whether the epithelial barrier was damaged in allergic paHents. The inflammaHon and disrupHon in the oral mucosa were studied thanks to biopsies to see immune cells and cell juncHons. Moreover, a proteomic study was performed to quanHfy proteins related to the immune response. The gut barrier was studied through fecal biomarkers. The results showed neither signs of inflammaHon nor epithelial barrier remodeling in the oral mucosa. This was verified by a proteomic approach where 45 inflammatory proteins related to the immune response showed in general no overexpression, revealing that paHents who suffer from food allergy associated with LTPs do not exhibit changes in the oral mucosa. Fecal inflammatory markers were not significant either, meaning that these paHents at the moment of sample collecHon did not show gut barrier disrupHon.
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