Application of the E-nose as a non-destructive technique in the early detection of "Monilinia laxa" on plum ("Prunus domestica L.")
2025
Martínez Dorado, Ana | Hernández León, Alejandro | Arroyo Muñoz, Patricia | Lozano Rogado, Jesús Salvador | Martín González, Alberto | Córdoba Ramos, María Guía | Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencias de los Alimentos | Universidad de Extremadura. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y Automática | Universidad de Extremadura. Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Recursos Agrarios (INURA)
This study investigated the ability of an electronic nose system (E-nose) to detect early signs of fungal contamination in the red plum variety ‘Black Splendor’. We focused on identifying changes in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that occur with decay. For this purpose, we compared two groups of plums: a control group (healthy plums) and a group inoculated with "Monilinia laxa". VOCs from both groups were analyzed and quantified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In parallel, E-nose signals were recorded at two key moments of fungal development: an early and an intermediate phase. The results revealed a strong correlation between E-nose signals and the aromatic profile characteristic of fungal contamination in plums. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) models, developed from the E-nose data, achieved 100% differentiation between healthy and infected samples. Furthermore, these models discriminated with 100% accuracy between healthy plums and those with incipient contamination. These findings demonstrate that E-nose technology serves as a reliable, non-destructive approach for real-time assessment of plum quality throughout storage.
Show more [+] Less [-]This work was supported by the project RTI2018-096882-B-100 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the AEI (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) “A way of making Europe”. In addition, this study was also supported by the Junta de Extremadura and FEDER (grant number GR21180).
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