Coastal habitats and sea level rise in Finland — vulnerability and adaptation
2025
Kropsu, Elisa | Pellikka, Havu | Heilala, Tomi | Ryttäri, Terhi | Nordman, Maaria | Maanmittauslaitos | National Land Survey of Finland | 0000-0003-1307-0721
Coastal meadows and sandy beaches in the Gulf of Finland are important habitats for a wide variety of species, but they are under threat from rising sea levels. In this study, we used sea level rise projections and spatial data to analyse the extent of habitat loss and the migration potential of these habitats along the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland. Our results show that 10–92% of the current coastal meadow area and 14–65% of sandy beaches will become submerged by 2100, depending on the sea level rise scenario. The likelihood of coastal habitat survival decreases with higher magnitudes of sea level rise due to extensive losses and limited migration potential. Increased coastal management, restoration, and land use planning are needed to preserve the current extent of coastal habitats in the future.
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