THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT TESTES, YIELD AND SEED QUALITY OF ONION VARIETIES LYUBCHIK UNDER IRRIGATION CONDITIONS BY SPRINKLING | ВПЛИВ ДОБРИВ НА РІСТ І РОЗВИТОК НАСІННИКІВ, УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ І ЯКІСТЬ НАСІННЯ ЦИБУЛІ РІПЧАСТОЇ СОРТУ ЛЮБЧИК В УМОВ ЗРОШЕННЯ В УМОВАХ СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

English. Onions - a valuable vegetable. Despite the significant production volumes of this crop in our country (800 thousand tons), they do not fully satisfy the needs of the market. An effective method of increasing the production of vegetables is the variety renewal. But the introduction of new varieties in the production is impossible without the presence of seeds. An effective method of increasing the yield of seeds is fertilizers. Thanks to their use, crop yields can be increased by 30 - 50%.The aim of the research was to study the effect of doses and methods of fertilizer application on the growth, development and productivity of seed plants, yield and seed quality of onion variety Lyubchik against the background of irrigation with sprinkling in the conditions of the northern Steppe of Ukraine. Bookmark and conduct field and laboratory experiments conducted in accordance with existing generally accepted and standardized methods. According to the results of biometric observations, it was found that the use of fertilizers provided an increase in the number and height of leaves during the phase of the beginning of the regrowth of flowering arrows. It is noted that the number of leaves increased from 8.4 pcs. to control up to 10.7 pcs. on the standard (N90P135K90) and 11.5 pcs. when making N30P45K30 + Reakom 2x3 l/ha. The height of the rosette of leaves in the experiment was 35.2 cm at the control and 36.6 - 37.1 cm, respectively, on the fertilized variants. Measurements made during the beginning of flowering established a tendency for the height and number of arrows to increase, as well as a significant increase in the diameter of the inflorescence of onions by 20.8 - 37.5% to 5.8 - 6.6 cm (control - 4.8 cm). Improving the habit of plants had a positive effect on their seed productivity. The application of P45K30 locally + 2 top dressing N15 + 2 foliar top dressing with Reakom 3 l/ha provided the highest seed productivity in the experiment - 26.8 g, which was significantly higher compared to the control (without fertilizers - 22.4 g). Accordingly, this version of the fertilizer provided the highest seed yield - 430 kg/ha. Qualitative indicators of seeds met the requirements of the current state standard and were.

Ukrainian. У публікації наведено результати вивчення впливу доз і способів внесення добрив на ріст, розвиток, продуктивність насінників, урожайність і якість насіння цибулі ріпчастої сорту Любчик в умовах північного Степу України за умов зрошення. Встановлено, що внесення P45K30 локально + 2 підживлення N15 + 2 позакореневих підживлення Реаком 3 л/га істотно покращує габітус насінників сорту Любчик відносно контрольного варіанту. Поліпшення розвитку рослин обумовлює формування найвищої урожайності насіння нормативної якості на рівні 430 кг/га.