The biology of two lepidopterous pests, Anomis leona Schaus, and Earias biplaga Wlk, on cocoa (Theobroma cacao) in Ghana
1976
Nutsugah, D.
The biology of two lepidopterous pests, Anomis leona and Earias biplaga, commonly found in cocoa farms is reported. The mean life cycles for A. leona and E. biplaga were 31 days and 32 days respectively, while the number of generations were 11.6 and 9.9 respectively when conditions in the farms remained favourable. The higher the temperature, within limits of 20-30 deg C, the faster was the development of the moths. Effect of high relative humidity was minimal on the incubation of eggs but low RH (45-62%) prevented egg hatching. Optimum conditions for incubation was 26-28 deg C, 60-80% RH. Oviposition and fertility were influenced by time of year. The longevity of the adult months was influenced by diet, sugar being the essential life prolonging nutrient. Population build-up occurred, with heavy damage to cocoa plants, in March. Overshading influenced their distribution with more larvae harboured at highly shaded plots. The natural control parasites include the species Euplectrus Sp., Enicospilus Sp., Trichogramma luteum, Apanteles Sp. and Agathis aciculata
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