Performance of SMC [San Miguel Corporation] corn hybrids under varying levels of nitrogen fertilizers [Philippines]
1986
Bucad, R.N. | Payonga, A.P. (Bicol Univ. Research and Statistics Center, Legaspi City (Philippines))
Grain yield and its components, particularly number of ears harvested, prolificacy, field weight, shelled weight per ear, and shelling percentage, increased with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer received by the plants up to 90 kg N/ha. Increasing the amount of nitrogen up to 120 N/ha did not improve grain yield. SMC 305, 307 and 309 had the highest and statistically equal grain yield during the wet season. In the dry season, however, no significant variations in grain yields were noted among hybrids. Plant height increased as the level of nitrogen was increased up to 60 kg N/ha. Nitrogen-treated plots had significantly higher ear height than the control in both seasons. However, in general, no significant differences were noted among nitrogen-treated plots. Days to silking was shortened as the amount of nitrogen received by the plants increased up to 90 kg N/ha. At this level of nitrogen fertilization, days to silking was earlier by 5.4 and 8.8 days than the control during the wet and dry season, respectively. Stalk and root lodgings were not markedly affected by the levels of nitrogen fertilization in both seasons. The different hybrids tested varied significantly in terms of plant height, silking dates, ear height, and root lodging but not stalk lodging. Levels of nitrogen fertilization did not influence the incidence of corn borer, downy mildew, leaf spot and leaf rust in both seasons. For stalk and ear rot, however, higher percentage of infection was noted in the fertilized plots than in the control during the wet and dry seasons. As a whole, the various hybrids did not differ in their responses to corn borer, downy mildew, stalk rot, ear rot, leaf spot and leaf rust. It appeared that they were all resistant to these pests and diseases.
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