Strepsipteran parasites of rice leafhoppers and planthoppers in the Philippines
1987
Barrion, A.T. | Litsinger, J.A. (International Rice Research Inst., Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines). Entomology Dept.)
Strepsiptera are highly host-specific parasites of auchenorphynchous Homoptera. Host records can be determined by dissecting specimens. In 1985-86, leafhoppers and planthoppers were collected by D-Vac suction machine from dryland rice fields and adjacent grasslands of Caliraya in Laguna and Claveria in Misamis Oriental [Philippines] and from wetland rice fields in Koronadal in South Cotabato, Calauan in Laguna, and Zaragosa in Nueva Ecija [Philippines]. Two new host records for the Philippines were found, bringing the total to six. The earlier record of Halictophagus piperi Bohart on its sole host Cofana longa Merino was not detected. Elenchus yasumatsui Kifrine et Hirashima parasitizes nymphs and adults of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens and is newly recorded on N. bakeri. H. spectrus Yang attacks only Cofana spectra and H. munroei Hiroshima et Kifune only green leafhoppers Nephotettix spp. H. bipunctatus Yang, recorded in Japan and China, was observed on N. virescens and N. nigropictus. E. nr. japonicus Esaki et Hashimoto was taken from the whitebacked planthopper complex Sogatella and Sogatodes. Parasitization by strepsiptera is low, 0.1-11%, but supplements that of other nymphal-adult parasites, such as Tomosvaryella and Pipunculus, in regulating populations of rice leafhoppers and planthoppers. Strepsipterous cause castration or stylopization on the host genitalia. Usually they occur as wormlike or pupiform structures with their cephalothorax exserted between the dorsal or ventral abdominal segments of hoppers. An infested host usually has two to three adult strepsiptera embedded in its abdomen.
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