New cytoplasmic source of male sterility in rice
1989
Pan Xigan | Den Rengen | Lui Wenkai | Jie Yinqun (Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi (China). Rice Research Inst.)
Indica hybrid rice is grown commercially on more than 6.6 million ha in China. Because the cytoplasm of these hybrids is basically derived from WA [wild abortive] there is the potential for disease due to the uniformity of the cytoplasm. Wild varieties were screened for a new cytoplasmic source of male sterility in rice and identified Jiangxi wild rice. Using its cytoplasm, A line You-Zhan A was bred and developed three new parental lines. The heterosis of the combinations is being evaluated. Jiangxi Oryza sativa f. spontanea, which grows at 28 degrees 4'-10'N latitude, is the northernmost wild rice community in the world. It can withstand low temperatures during seedling and flowering, and it winters naturally at about -7 deg C. It shows a higher resistance to yellow dwarf, bacterial blight, blast, and leaffolder in the field and when inoculated. It has excellent grain quality and is high in protein and various amino acids. Its tiller regeneration ability is good and the ratoon crop matures early. Its chromosome number is 2n=24; meiosis in pollen mother cells is normal without obvious chromosomal aberrations. Genome and band pattern analysis showed that only centromere bands (C/C) and short whole band and long centromere band (W/C) are found in this wild rice, but no Guangdong and Guangxi Oryza sativa f. spontanea and indica. Compatibility is high and fertility is normal when it is crossed with indica, japonica, and Guangdong wild rice. It exhibits restore ability when crossed with A lines of WA cytoplasm. Some male sterile plants segregated in the F2 of a You-Zhan A/indica cross were backcrossed to a B line to develop the A line You-Zhan A (B5F1). You-Zhan A has exteremely fine grain quality and is resistant to bacterial blight. Its restorer and maintainer relation differs from that in WA cytoplasm. You-Zhan A is a new cytoplasm source that can be used for rice heterosis.
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