Farm level evaluation of indigenous materials against major grain insects in traditional storage of rice and corn
1988
Jovillano, M.D.A. | Rejesus, B.M. (Philippines Univ., Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Dept. of Entomology)
The insects associated with rough rice and corn in sacks, bamboo and cans and their effects on grain weight and variability were studied. Nine insect species found in rough rice were as follows (listed in decreasing abundance): Sitophilus sp., Lophocateres pusillus (Klug), Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.), Tribolium castaneum (Hervst), Rhyzopertha dominica (Feb.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), Palorus ratzeburgii (Wissmen) and Silvanid beetle. In corn the following species in decreasing abundance were found: Sitophilus spp., L. pusillus, Carpophilus dimidiatus (L.), Araecerus fasciculatus (de Geer), Cryptolestes ferrugineus and T. castaneum. In the unhusked corn cob stored by the halayhay method, the following species, in decreasing abundance were collected: Sitophilus spp., A. fasciculatus, L. pusillus, T. castaneum, C. fernugineus, and C. dimidiatus. Admixing lime with rough rice in sacks at 1% w/w and alternately layering 10 g lime/kg rough rice in cans protected the grains from insect attack for six months. The use of same amounts of rice husk ash or wood ash for layering was also effective against insect attack but lime provided better protection. Husked corn layered alternately with the following compounds: - makabuhai, yellow ginger, red pepper on lime at 50 gm/layer of 50 cobs were protected from corn weevil infestation for three months. Weevil infestation was not controlled when unhusked corn cobs tips were dipped or sprayed with the aqueous extracts of the above mentioned compounds and then stored by the "halayhay" method.
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