Anthracnose of soybean : etiology, symptomatology, host range and the influence of some fungicides and herbicides on Colletotrichum dematium (Pers. ex Fr.) Grove var. truncata (Schw.) Arx.
1989
Surapol Yinasawapun
Two species of Colletotrichum:C. dematium var. truncata, C. gloeosporioides and one isolate of Glomerella sp. were isolated from soybean tissue. For pathogenicity test, C. dematium var. truncata showed most virulent on detached soybean leaves. Seed infestation of four soybean cultivars in laboratory condition with conidial suspension of C. dematium var. truncata reduced seedling emergence and caused cotyledon and hypocotyl lesion. SK.1 was found to be the most susceptible variety in seedling stage. Regarding the effects of plant age on susceptibility it was found that during vegetative stage, the younger plant was more susceptible than the older ones in contrast to the reproductive stage, the older plant was more susceptible than the younger ones. For host range studies in laboratory and greenhouse conditions,5 genera and 8 species of plants, Vigna radiata, V. mungo, V. unguiculata, V. sesquipedalis, Arachis hypogaea, phaseolus vulgaris, capsicum fruticens, and Ricinus communis were tested. Results indicated that only Arachis hypogaea and Phaseolus vulgaris cannot reproduce the symptoms in greenhouse conditions. Benomyl at 600 ppm inhibited sporulation of the fungus on detached soybean stem while paraquat at 25,000 ppm and glyphosate at 16,000 ppm enhanced sporulation faster than control.
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