Effect of soil surface cultivation on quantitative and qualitative traits of sugar beet
1989
Rajic, M. | Spasojevic, B. (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Yugoslavia). Institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo)
Six variants of soil surface cultivation were compared against the conventional practice (disking + levelling in fall + cultivation in spring) in a three-year experiment established in the region of Northern Backa (Yugoslavia) which is not favourable for sugar beet growing on account of sparse rainfall. Highly significant differences were found in favour of the conventional variant of soil cultivation regarding the number of harvested roots, root yield, yield of tops and biological sugar. Also, variant 6 (disking + cultivation in spring) had significantly lower values for the number of harvested roots and root yield than the other variants. The differences between the conventional cultivation and the other variants may be attributed to a favorable portion of macro-aggregates in the soil layer 0-10 cm in the former variant as well as to advantages in the other parameters studied: sowing depth, dynamics of growth of roots and foliage, number and arrangement of plants, date of development of the first pair of leaves, foliage growth and the dynamics of soil moisture in the layer 0-60 cm throughout the vegetative season. These results are in good agreement with those of Butakov (1972), Subotic (1972) and Kennedy (1984). Method of soil surface cultivation had no effect on sugar percentage. The effect of cultivation method on harmful nitrogen content was inversely proportional to root yield in the variant of conventional cultivation (disking + levelling in fall + cultivation in spring) and variant 6 (disking + cultivation in spring).
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