Effect of insect pest management and traditional crop protection practices on arthropod population density and diversity in cotton ecosystem
1992
Sulistiaty, E.
There were 32 arthropod families belonging to 12 orders found in the cotton ecosystem. The arthropod were classified as insect pest, transient insects and natural enemies. The mean lowest diversity index of arthropods was observed in the cotton monoculture and in the chemically treated plots. Mean diversity index of insect pests was lowest compared to the diversity index of transient insects and natural enemies among cropping systems and control measures. The build up of number of arthropod was very fast and fluctuating from 46 DAP to 88 DAP. The mean number of arthropod in the cotton + corn + tomato cropping system was significantly higher than the other cropping systems, while the mean number of arthropod in the IPM plot was significantly different from the control measures. On the other hand, the number of natural enemies in the different cropping systems were not affected by the different control measures applied. The highest mean seedcotton yield was 5.652 tons/ha from the plots treated by insecticide under the cotton + corn + tomato cropping system. There was a net return in the IPM (92%) and the chemically treated plots (1.25%). Monocrotophos residue level in the atmosphere at 2 meters above the ground was 0.44 mg/cubic meter. This exceeded the threshold limit value considered safe for workers' environment which is 0.25 mg/cubic meter. Residue level on the soil was very low and therefore does not pose danger to the environment. The highest residue level occurred on cotton lint and this was detected until 21 days after application (0.32 mg/kg). This exceeded the maximum residue limit set by FAO/WHO which is 0.2 mg/kg for cotton.
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