Geographical distribution of growth types in mungbean
1991
Chalermpol Lairungreang | Potjanee Nakeeraks | Charaspon Thavarasook (Chainat Field Crops Research Center, Chainat (Thailand))
Four hundred ninety seven local mungbean strains collected from various countries were evaluated for growth characteristics and classified into eight growth types. Growth type classification was performed by examining the frequency distribution of number of days from sowing to flowering, plant height and number of lateral branches. A clear geographic cline could be recognized in the geographic distribution of the growth types. The strains consisting of tall plants with high-branching habit and late maturity (Growth type 4) were predominantly cultivated in areas of low latitudes (Indonesia and Thailand). At the intermediate latitudes (Taiwan and the Philippines), the predominant type consisted also of tall plants but changed to low-branching habit (Growth types 1 and 2). The maturity spans of many strains from the Philippines were shorter compared to that of the strains from Taiwan. At high latitudes (Korea, Afghanistan and Iran), the predominant type changed to short plants with plants with an early maturity and low-branching habit (Growth Type 5). The strains from India showed the highest diversity in terms of growth type variation. The most appropriate growth types for breeding high yielding early varieties suitable for the intensive cropping system were predominantly distributed in the Philippines. Since the strains from India showed the highest diversity in the growth characteristics, it was suggested that the desirable source of genes such as diseases and insects resistance could most probably be found in the strains from India.
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