Development of corn cultivars to solve problem of Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fries
1990
Turean Choonhakeartsakul
S2 lines of corn were extracted from S1 line of Suwan 1 cycle 10 (SW1(S)C10-F3-S1) and S1 line of Suwan 3 cycle 3 (SW3(S)C3-F1-S1) and also from Thai Opaque Composite 3 cycle 6 (TOC 3(RF)C6(S)C1), respectively. Superior S2 lines of 17, 23 and 10 from respective sources were selected on the criteria of low infection to Aspergillus flavus, low aflatoxin, low lodging percentage and tight husk cover. Selected S2 lines were recombined to produce nine synthetic varieties. Synthetics 1, 2 and 3 were composed of 10, 12 and 6 S2 lines of SW1(S)C10-F3-S1, Synthetics 4, 5 and 6 were produced from S2 lines of Sw3(S)C3-F1-S1 16, 18 and 11 lines and Synthetics 7, 8 and 9 were formed by 6, 6 and 6 lines of S2 lines of TOC3(RF)C6(S)C1. All 9 synthetic varieties were tested for A. flavus infection and level of aflatoxin and planted for yield evaluation with three check varieties in a randomized complete block design in 1989 late rainy season at the National Corn and Sorghum Research Center. Synthetics 4 gave the highest yield for 6,906 kg/ha with 101 % relative to parental check, SW3(S)C3-F1-S1. Lowest infection to A. flavus 2 %, no aflatoxin, low lodging percentage 2.4 % and tight husk cover. Due to its superiority, Synthetics 4 should be good source of gene pool in developing corn cultivars against the problems of A. flavus in the future.
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