Induced mutagenesis in traditional quality rices
1997
Padolina, T.F. | Osoteo, G.M. | Corpuz, E.R. | dela Cruz, H.C. (Philippine Rice Research Inst., Maligaya, Munoz, Nueva Ecija (Philippines). Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Div.)
Pure seeds of three traditional quality rices, Sinandomeng, Dinorado and Sigadis-Milagrosa which are maturing and medium tall were exposed to 60Co gamma rays at 25, 30, and 35 kR in 1992. The MI and succeeding generations were grown at PhilRice Maligaya [Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines] to screen for high-yielding mutants which possess early maturing and short stature without significantly altering the grain quality traits. Results indicated variation in response among varieties and treatment dosages. Of the three varieties, Sigadis-Milagrosa generated the most mutant lines with 151 lines, 49 of these lines were selected from 25 kR. Further screening for yield and other agronomic traits were done in the Advanced Observational Nursery (AON) and Preliminary Yield Test (PYT) for two consecutive seasons in 1994. As a result, PR26305-M32, a mutant of Sigadis-Milagrosa was selected and elevated in the Phase 1 trials of the 1995-1996 National Cooperative Tests (NCT). Performance across four seasons and 10 locations showed promising performance over the check variety, IR72. In terms of yield, it registered a yield advantage of 5.2 percent during the wet season and 4.7 percent in the dry season. As to pests reactions, it indicated resistance to blast, intermediate to bacterial leaf blight, sheath blight, and tungro virus and intermediate resistant ratings to brown planthopper, green leafhopper and yellow stemborer. However, it is moderately susceptible to stemborer in both vegetative and reproductive stages. PR 26305-M32 had long slender grains, intermediate amylose content and satisfactory milling and head rice recovery. It retained grain quality of the original variety but better than IR72. The mutant line is now in the NCT Phase 2
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