Development of interspecific Carica hybrids
1997
Drew, R.A. | Magdalita, P.M. (Queensland Dept. of Primary Industries, Cleveland, Queensland (Australia). Redlands Horticulture Research Station)
Papaw production in Australia is limited by five major diseases: papaw dieback and yellow crinkle (caused by mycoplasmas), Phytopthora fruit stem and root rots, black spot (Asperisporium caricae), and papaya ringspot virus-type P (PRSV-P). PRSV-P is the greatest problem for papaya production worldwide and it potentially poses the greatest disease threat to the Australian industry. Procedures have been developed to hybridize papaya with related Carica species that are PRSV-P resistant (C. cauliflora, C. quercifolia, C. pubescens, and C. stipulata). These procedures may also allow access to other characteristics of wild species e.g. Phytophthora resistance (C. guodotiana), high sugar content (C. quercifolia) and cold tolerance (C. pubescens). A highly efficient protocol was developed to rescue and germinate C. papaya x C. cauliflora immature embryos in solution culture. Germinated embryo formed embryonic cultures in hormone free agar-solidified medium and multiple hybrid plants were produced. The C. papaya x C. cauliflora hybrids lacked vigour and were generally infertile. Development of techniques to recover pollen fertility via Colchicine treatment is underway. Subsequently, the protocol has been adapted to produce hybrids between C. papaya and PRSV-P resistant species, C. quercifolia and C. pubescens. Hybrid plants are growing vigorously in the field. Inter-specific hybrid plants have been also produced between C. papaya and C. goudotiana and C. parvilora. C. parviflora has been hybridized with C. pubescens and C. guodotiana. Plants of all crosses are growing in the glasshouse or field
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