Biodegradation of herbicide in sugarcane field by soil microoganisms
1991
Vichai Korpraditskul | Wichan, S. (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Plant Pathology) | Chainarong Rattanakrithakul
Isolated microbes from sugarcane field were screened for tolerance to three herbicides, namely atrazine, ametryn and paraquat, by poisoned food technique. Five isolates of fungi, Aspergillus tamarii, A. terreus and three isolates of Penicillium spp. and four isolates of Gram positive bacteria were tolerant to atrazine. Five isolates of fungi and one bacterium isolate were tolerant to ametryn; five soil fungi and three isolates of bacteria showed the same tolerance to paraquat. The selection of bildegrader of each herbicide; atrazine, ametryn and paraquat; was carried out by culturing soil microorganisms in liquid media containing herbicide. These were incubated at 28 deg C, 30 days for fungi and 15 days for bacteria before herbicide extraction. The recovered quantity of each herbicide was determined by Gas chromatography. Two isolates of fungi, Aspergillus terreus and Penicillium sp., were able to reduce atrazine 12.39 % and 7.56 %, respectively. In vitro screening for ametryn biodegradation in liquid medium with five fungal isolates and one bacterial isolate gave results that only Penicillium sp. (no.31) was able to degrade ametryn at 3.45 %, a significant difference to control. Five isolates of fungi including A. niger and four isolates of Penicillium spp., one Gram positive bacterium were able to degrade paraquat to a significantly different level to control where the reduction percentages of detected paraquat were 20.64, 17.67, 24.63, 21.14, 14.43 and 15.85 %, respectively.
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