The characteristics and genesis of humic substances in andisols distributed in Japan, observed from nitrogenous and carbonaceous composition
1996
Hasegawa, T. (Akita Prefectural Coll. of Agriculture, Ohgata (Japan))
Volcanic ash soil "Andisol" is a representative soil because wide area is covered with the soil in Japan. Moreover, wide area is covered with the soil in circum-pan-Pacific countries facing to the emergency of food production. Remarkable accumulation of dark-colored humic substances or humus in andisol is one of their prominent properties. Recent studies on Andisols, especially Fulvudands and Melanudands having a biosequential relationship, showed that the former was formed under grassland vegetation ecosystems such as Miscanthus sinensis and the later under forest ecosystems such as Fagus crenata. Many chemical studies were carried out to characterize humus of the andisols in Japan and indicated that Melanudands were characterized by highly humified humic acid classified to A Type humic acid and Fulvudand by poorly humified humic acid classified to P Type humic acid, according to the method proposed by Kumada. However, few chemical studies clarified the characteristics and genesis of humus in Andisols, by comparing the organic composition of the humus. This study dealt with the comparison of organic constituents, especially amino acid and noncellulosic monosaccharide composition among the humus of Andisols, vegetation plants related to the pedogenesis of Andisols and microbes such as fungi commonly found in Andisols. On the basis of the composition of organic constituents of the humus of Adisols and the biological factors related to the pedogenesis of the Andisultivriate analyses were carried out and the characteristics and genesis of humus of Andisols in Japan was discussed
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