Sustainable control of wheat diseases in Mexico
1997
Singh, Ravi P. | Dubin, H. Jesse
Diseases pose an important threat to stable wheat production in most wheat growing environments of Mexico. Among the possible approaches currently known to reduce losses due to rust diseases, CIMMYT has adopted a strategy that involves searching for and understanding their genetic basis, as well as incorporating durable sources of resistance into high-yielding germplasm. Durable resistance to rusts in wheat usually results from the additive interactions of a few (3-5) minor genes giving partial resistance (slow rusting type). When these partial genes are present alone, the level of resistance is not complete. However, resistances based on interactions of such genes are highly effective and stable across environments. The Sr2 complex derived from Hope, and the Lr34 and Yr18 complexes. from Frontana have conferred durable resistance to stem, leaf and stripe rusts, respectively. Fusarium scab, septaria tritici blotch, tan spot, and barley yellow dwarf (BYD) are the most important diseases in the rainfed areas receiving high to moderate rainfall. The importance of some of these diseases may increase with more emphasis on reduced tillage, stubble retention and crop rotations such as wheat-maize. Breeding resistant cultivars together with appropriate management strategies will be essential for sustainable, integrated disease control
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