[Genetic parameters, selection genetic advance and heterosis in husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.)] | Parametros geneticos, respuesta a la seleccion y heterosis en tomate de cascara (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.).
1998
Pena Lomeli, Aureliano
English. The objectives of this work was to estimate: a.the genetic parameters of a husk tomato population, b.the expected and observed genetic advance of three selection methods, and c.the inter and intravarietal heterosis. The narrow sense heritability of the 13 studied traits varied between 37.1 and 57.8; for total yield it was 37.5. The genetic additive variation coefficient presented values between 8.2 and 24.4; with a value of 10.4 for total yield. Number and weight of fruits in the first harvest and total number of fruits per plant were the most important yield components. The first harvest is more important than the second one in relation to the genetic advance. Out of the 10 studied varieties 9 were self-incompatible and the other one was self-fertile; however, the self-fertile variety did not produce fertile descendants when it was crossed with the other ones, but its crosses induced parthenocarpy. This phenomenon was observed also in the self-incompatible varieties when they were self-pollinated. The hybrid between the Verde Puebla and CHF1-Chapingo varieties presented more TYP (14.29) than the best variety and its specific heterosis effects were more important than the varietal heterosis effects, in the three studied traits; for this, the mentioned varieties could be the base of a hybridization breeding program. The intervarietal heterosis was greater than the heterosis between families. Additional index words: Tomatillo, selection, hybridization, self-incompatibility.
Show more [+] Less [-]Spanish; Castilian. El objetivo del trabajo fue contribuir al conocimiento genotecnico de esta especie mediante la estimacion de: a.los parametros geneticos de una poblacion, b.la respuesta esperada y observada de 3 metodos de seleccion y c.la heterosis inter e intravarietal. La heredabilidad de los 13 caracteres estudiados fluctuo entre 37.1 y 57.7 y el coeficiente de variacion genetica aditiva entre 8.2 y 24.4; estos 2 parametros fueron 37.5 y 10.4 para rendimiento total, respectivamente. El numero y peso de frutos en el primer corte y frutos totales por planta fueron los principales componentes del rendimiento total. El primer corte es mas importante que el segundo en relacion con la respuesta a la seleccion. De las 10 variedades estudiadas, 9 resultaron autoincompatibles (8 cultivadas y 1 silvestre), en tanto que la restante (tomate peludo) resulto autofertil, aunque no produjo descendencia fertil al cruzarse con las autoincompatibles e indujo partenocarpia, fenomeno que tambien se presento en las variedades autoincompatibles per se cuando se intento la autopolinizacion. La cruza entre las variedades Verde Puebla y CHF1-Chapingo rindio mas (14.29) que el mejor progenitor y sus efectos de heterosis especifica fueron mas importantes que los de heterosis varietal en los 3 caracteres estudiados, por lo que estas variedades podrian ser la base de un programa de mejoramiento por hibridacion. Heterosis intervarietal fue mayor que la interfamilial. Palabras clave adicionales: Tomatillo, seleccion, hibridacion, autoincompatibilidad.
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