Female parental line improvement of the sweet corn single cross, HSX 27127
1996
Chokechai Aekatasanawan | Chamaiporn Aekatasanawan | Noppong Chulchoho (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Inseechandrastitya Inst. for Crops Research and Development. National Corn and Sorghum Research Center, Nakhonratchasima)
Objective of this research was to improve SSWI 27, a female parental line of a sweet corn single cross (HSX 27127) for higher grain yield and some better agronomic traits. Line improvement was initiated in 1989 at Suwan Farm by crossing SSWI 27 as female with two field corn inbreds, Ki21 and KS 18-F2-S5-47-2. Two consecutive backcrosses were made using SSWI 27 as male. Then lines were developed through four generations of selfing (S4) by ear-to-row selection. Selected improved lines of (SSWI 27 x Ki 21)BC2-S4 and (SSWI 27 x KS 18-F2-S5-47-2)BC2-S4 were testcrossed with three inbred testers (SSWI 76, SSWI 114, and SSWI 127). These testcrosses and a single-cross check, HSX 27127, were evaluated for 16 traits including fresh yields, eating quality, and agronomic traits at Suwan Farm in the 1992 early and late rainy seasons. Fifteen improved lines (S6) and SSWI 27 were tested for grain yield and other agronomic traits. Results showed that most of the improved lines testcrossed with SSWI 127 (the male parental line of HSX 27127) gave unhusked and husked ear weights, sweetness, crispness, ear length and diameter, plant and ear heights, resistances to root lodging and foliar diseases, and husk cover not significantly different from HSX 27127. However, they demonstrated earlier days to 50 percent anthesis and silk, better synchronization, and better plant and ear performance, compared to HSX 27127, Furthermore, the improved lines (S6) gave higher grain yields (391-1,320 kg/ha) than SSWI 27 by 46-393 percent. Most of them possessed earlier flowering, shorter plant and ear heights, better leaf disease resistance, improved plant and ear aspects, more ears/plant, and higher shelling percentage, compared to SSWI 27. The results indicated that the field corn inbreds can contribute to sweet corn line improvement.
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