Previous studies of phytophagous insects for biological control of plants from genus Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiales: Euphorbiaceae J.St.Hill.)
1997
Manojlovic, B. (Institut za zastitu bilja i zivotnu sredinu, Beograd (Yugoslavia)) | Keresi, T. (Institut za zastitu bilja "Dr. Pavle Vukasovic", Novi Sad (Yugoslavia))
Annual, biennial and perennial, mostly weed plants belong to the genus Euphorphia L. (Euphorbiales: Euphorbiaceae). In both Europe and Yugoslavia, the plants of the genus Euphorbia L. are locally present, occurring very dispersedly, rarely in great associations. In Europe, 121 species of insects develop on plants of Euphorbia esula, Euphorbia virgata and Euphorbia cyparissias. In countries of former Yugoslavia, 32 species of insects from 7 orders and 13 families) develop on plant of E. esula and E. virgata, while 29 species of insects (from 6 orders and 17 families) develop on E. cyparissias. There were studied in detail in Yugoslavia: the species from the genus Aphthona (Aphthona flava, Aphthona lacertosa, Aphthona nigriscutis, Aphthona ovata, Aphthona pygmaea, then Oxycesta geographica, Symira dentinosa, Chamaesphecia empiformis and Ch. tenthrediniformis, Bayeria capitigena, Dasineura capsulae, etc. E. cyparissias, E. esula and E. virgata have beed introduced to North America where they have become important weed plants. Upon the studies for biological control of mentioned harmful plants of the genus Euphorbia the several insect species were introduced from Europe (some of them from Yugoslavia) to North America. Many species have adapted to a new environment and now significantly reduce the population densities of the mentioned weeds.
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