Production of transparent soap using palm fatty acid distillate as raw material

English. Besides crude palm oil conventionally used as a main raw material in soap making industry, palm fatty acid distillate which is a by-products from cooking oil industry can also be used as a raw material for soap making. In this research, transparent soap was made from palm fatty acid distillate. Bleached palm fatty acid distillate and palm kernel oil, and stearic acid were mixed with sodium hydroxide of 20 deg. Be at 100 deg. C and the mixture was named as soap stock. Glycerin, alcohol, sucrose, and diethanolamine were added into the soap stock and mixed at the temperature of 150 deg. C for 30 minutes in the reflux. Transparent soap was then molded and cooled at room temperature. The chemical properties of transparent soap made from palm fatty acid distillate were free alkali of 0.12-0.233 percent, free glycerin of 4.18-5.71 percent, total fatty matter of 18.27-21.81 percent, and iodine number saponification of 3.41-17.69. These characteristics were confirmed that palm fatty acid distillate was potential to be used as a raw material for transparent soap making. Transparent soap made from palm fatty acid distillate had no different in physical and chemical properties compared with that of commercial transparent soap

Indonesian. Disamping minyak sawit mentah digunakan sebagai bahan baku utama untuk industri sabun, asam lemak sawit distilat yang merupakan hasil samping industri minyak goreng juga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan sabun. Pada penelitian ini, sabun transparan dibuat dengan menggunakan bahan baku dari asam lemak sawit distilat. Asam lemak sawit distilat dan minyak inti sawit yang telah dipucatkan serta asam stearat yang dicampur dengan larutan NaOH 20 derajat Celsius pada suhu 100 derajat Celsius, dan campuran tersebut disebut stok sabun. Gliserin, alkohol, sukrosa, dan dietanolamin ditambahkan ke dalam stok sabun. Proses pencampuran dilakukan selama 30 menit di dalam refluk. Kemudian sabun transparan dicetak dan didinginkan pada suhu ruangan. Sifat-sifat kimia dari sabun transparan meliputi 0,12-0,15 persen kadar basa bebas, 4,18-5,71 persen gliserin bebas, 18,27-22,13 persen total kandungan lemak, dan bilangan iod penyabunan sebesar 3,41-17,69. Dari sifat-sifat kimia tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa asam lemak sawit distilat berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan sabun transparan. Sifat fisik dan kimia sabun transparan yang berasal dari asam lemak sawit distilat tidak jauh berbeda dibandingkan dengan sabun transparan komersial