Effects of some plant extracts on mango anthracnose fungus (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc.)
1997
Tharntip Bhasabutra
Crude extract from Wann-Num (Sweet flag : Acorus calamus L.) inhibited both vegetative growth and spore germination of C. gloeosporioides. Vegetative growth was inhibited by 500 and 1000 ppm of A. Calamus at 63.35 and 82.50 percent whereas spore germination was inhibited at 75.50 and 100 percent, respectively. And the ED50 value at 400 ppm. Crude extract from Wann-Num was further separated by water and ethylacetate in separatory funnel. Two fractions were obtained; one is water soluble and the others is ethylacetate soluble. The efficacy activity of each seperation was tested. Ethylacetate soluble gave the better inhibitory effect than water soluble. When used ethylacetate soluble and water soluble at the concentration 2500 and 5000 ppm for controlling anthracnose disease of mango fruit. The result showed the same pattern. However, two solutions showed decreased infection when compared to Wann-Num crude extract. When used these solution for controlling anthracnose disease of mango fruit with hot water at 51-55 deg C. The best efficacy was obtained from ethylacetate soluble at the concentration of 5000 ppm. Ethylacetate soluble were selected and further separated by column chromatography. Seven fraction, were obtained from sample. The efficacy activity of each fraction was tested at the concentration of 100, 250 and 500 ppm. Fraction No. 3 of Wann-Num gave the highest inhibitory effect on vegetative growth of C. gloeosporioides, while fraction No. 3 and 4 of Wann-Num gave the highest on spore germination. When used these seven fractions of Wann-Num for controlling anthracnose disease of mango fruit compared to carbendazim at the concentration 500 ppm. The best control was obtained from carbendazim. The last control was revealed from fraction No. 3 and No. 4 of Wann-Num. And the best control was obtained from the fraction and carbendazim are used before inoculation with C. gloeosporioides on mango.
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