Effect of fertilization elements and climatic factors on the yield and yield component of rice [Oryza sativa]
1999
Sagawa, S. (Iwate Univ., Morioka (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture) | Sakamoto, J. | Nishi, M.
Oryza sativa, cv. Akitakomachi, was cultivated in an experimental paddy field and the relationship between climatic factors and the yield or yield components was examined for five years (1994-1998). The following eight experimental plots were set up; the plots fertilized with three elements (+NPK plot), with only nitrogen (+N plot), with only phosphate (+P plot), with only potassium (+K plot), with P and K (-N plot), with N and K (-P plot), with N and P (-K plot), and the plot without any fertilizer (-NPK plot). The yield was the highest in the +NPK plot, followed by the plots with phosphate (+P, -N and -K plots). The yield in the plots without phosphate (+N, +K and -P plots) and without any fertilizer (-NPK plot) was the lowest. The panicle number m(-2) was the highest in the +NPK plot, followed by the -K plot. It was nearly the same in the +P and -N plots, and the lowest in the plots without phosphate. The spikelet number per panicle was the highest in the +NPK plot and the lowest in the -NPK plot. It was nearly the same in the other plots. The percentage of ripened grains was 87-93% throughout the five years in +P and -N plots, but varied with the year in the plots without phosphate. The yield was significantly with the whole grain number, and the yield in the plots without phosphate was significantly correlated with the percentage of ripened grains. The yield in the +P, +K and -N plots was significantly correlated with the amount of solar radiation from June to July, and the yield in the +N and -P plots with the mean air temperature from August to September
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