Leaf color chart (LCC): a simple and inexpensive decision tool for the real-time nitrogen management in rice
2000
Balasubramanian, V. | Morales, A.C. | Cruz, R.T. | De, N.N. | Tan, P.S. | Hla Tin | Zaini, Z. (International Rice Research Inst., Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines). CREMNET)
More than 20,000 charts in the Philippines, 15,000 in Vietnam, 2500 in India, 3000 in Indonesia, 500 in Myanmar and lesser number in other countries have already been distributed or sold through field researchers, public extension staff and private fertilizer dealers and land banks. On-farm evaluation of the LCC technique has demonstrated its usefulness for real-time nitrogen management in rice. The increase in N-use efficiency was due to slightly less, same or higher grain yields with lower levels of N application in the LCC-monitored fields. Savings in N fertilizer of -14 to +53 kg per ha were realized in farmers' fields of the collaborating countries such as the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia and Myanmar. For example, the Vietnamese farmers claim that, by using the LCC method, they could save 10 to 43 kg N/ha, observed less bacterial sheath blight and red stripe disease, noted less lodging, and obtained the same or higher rice yields. Development, testing and adaptation of the LCC, farmer training, farmers' evaluation and feedback, knowledge transfer in natural resource management, and lessons learned are discussed in this paper
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