Screening and evaluation of candidate botanical insecticides against major storage pests of legumes
2000
Anon.
The project aimed to explore botanical insecticides that can be effectively used for the control of cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus Fab.). Powdered sugar apple seeds, neem kernel and black pepper admixed with mungbean were evaluated for their insecticidal activities against cowpea weevil in both laboratory and field trials. Effectivity of the plant materials were evaluated based on their efficacy as contact (2 days exposure of adult insect) and residual toxicity (aged grain test, on adults and progenies). The performance of candidate botanical insecticides was compared with pirimiphos methyl, an organophosphate insecticide registered for grain protection. Results showed that sugar apple seed applied at 1.5 g per 100 g completely protected mungbean from cowpea weevil development and infestation up to 6.0 months storage period. Black pepper, using the same rate of application is effective only in controlling the adult cowpea weevil even at the start of the storage period. Mortality rates declined further as storage time progressed and was completely ineffective after six months of storage. All treatments did not show negative effect on the viability of mungbean except for neem kernel. The lowest incidence of insect-damaged mungbean and dry weight loss due to insects were likewise observed in sugar apple-treated mungbean. Furthermore, sugar apple seed and black pepper treated mungbean were preferred most by the evaluators as to its flavor, taste, odor, and its overall acceptability after 60 months storage. Benefit/cost analysis proved that the use of sugar apple seed as protectant of mungbean is higher compared to black pepper and neem kernel. Sugar apple seed can be recommended as a grain protectant against C. maculatus infesting mungbean. This technology will enable farmers to store pest-free mungbean until 6 months storage period
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