Evaluation and formulation of botanical plants against major storage insect pests
2000
Anon.
The extent of efficacy of Piper betle commonly known as ikmo, against different storage pests of grains is being investigated. The study aims to isolate, purify and formulate the active material in P. betle. Fresh P. betle leaves were collected from several places in Ilocos Norte, Isabela and Nueva Ecija [Philippines]. Collected fresh leaves were homogenized, transferred into distilling flask and distilled continuously. Oil was extracted with petroleum ether and evaporated to dryness using rotary evaporator at 40 deg C. Talc was added to the oil for ease of distribution to the grains. The formulated product was tested on three test insects namely: Callosobruchus maculatus, Rhizopertha comininca and Sitophilus zeamais. Laboratory results showed that the dust formulation is highly toxic to Callosobruchus maculatus. An application rate of 0.1 g per 100 g of 32 percent dust formulation completely killed the adult C. maculatus after 2 days of exposure. The formulation is also effective in controlling the production of progenies. F1 progenies of C. maculatus were reduced by 99.67 percent to 100 percent and it completely controlled F2 progenies. On the other hand, the 30 percent dust formulation exhibited considerable toxicity against adult R. dominica. At 2 g per 100 g, complete mortality was achieved. In S. zeamais, with 30 percent dust formation, an application rate of 1.75 per 100 g was effective in providing complete mortality. The long term effect of P. betle oil will be established in the aged grain tests using the effective dose established for the test insects
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