Communication and socio-cultural determinants of social and physical adaptability among Indonesian transmigrants
2000
Djuara Pangihutan Lubis
At the national level, transmigrants' physical and social adaptability were poor. Their agricultural productivity was low, and as a consequence, their economic condition was also low. Social adaptability was likewise low, as indicated by social conflicts among and between transmigrants and host population. Cases showed that communication contributed to social adaptability. In many UPTs [Unit Pemukiman Transmigrasi], regular meetings discussing social and agricultural issues were useful in lowering the incidence of conflicts in the trasmigration area. At the regional level, the transmigrants' physical and social adaptability were better than at the national level. Transmigration resettlement units in South Kalimantan were able to attract spontaneous migrants. Cultural background of Banjar people contributed to high social adaptability of transmigrants. At the UPT level of analysis from four communication variables, no variable determined agricultural productivity. The poor agricultural productivity determined more by the physical condition of the UPT. The changes in economic condition were determined by local centrality. This phenomenon was related to the poor agricultural condition. The changes of social conditions were determined by communication variables, except mass media ownership and betweeness. The more relationship a person had with other people, the better his/her ability to adapt to his/her social environment. From three socio-cultural variables, only educational attainment was significantly correlated with adaptability. Age and organizational membership were not good predictors of social and physical adaptability
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