Effects of genotype and environment on soruce-sink relationships in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): II. Cultivar differences in post-anthesis growth and development of sesame in controlled environments
1998
Ahnon Tiangtrong (Maejo Univ., Chiang Mai (Thailand). Faculty of Agricultural Production. Dept. of Agronomy)
To clarify the roles of temperature, solar radiation and daylength, the effects of which could not be separated in the field experiment, the same sesame cultivars (Aceitera, Hnan Dun and Takli) used in the sowing date trial were also tested in controlled environments where temperature could be varied independently of solar radiation and daylength by growing experimental materials at three different times of the year (winter, spring and summer) in three specific temperature regimes (30/30, 25/20 and 20/15 deg C). Variation in temperature and solar radiation during the post-anthesis phase of development had marked effects on reproductive efficiency in each of the three cultivars. Flower production was greatest in an environmental regime characterized by high temperature (30/30 deg C), high irradiance and long photoperiod (summer sowing), but capsule set was greatly reduced presumably as a result of intense competition for a limited supply of assimilates by the larger number of flowers, particularly in Aceitera. A major feature of the results from this experiment was the deleterious effect of the lowest temperature (20/15 deg C) on all aspects of post-flowering growth and development affecting final seed yield. This supported the contention that the main climatic variable limiting seed yield in later field sowings in Perth was low temperature experienced during post-anthesis development.
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